高中英语：动词的语态+非谓语动词+名词性从句易错点

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**动词的语态**

• 及物动词有宾语可变为被动语态，不及物动词无被动语态。
  - 例如：“disappear”是不及物动词，“The two thieves have been disappeared.”应去掉“been”。
  - “The building built now will be our teaching building.”应在“built”前加“being”表示“正在被建”。
  - “He is being operated by the famous doctor.”应在“operated”后加上“on”，“operate on sb”表示“给某人做手术”。
  - 同理，“I wonder if the doctor has been sent.”应在“sent”后加上“for”。
  - 书畅销是其自身属性，不用被动语态，“The book written by him is sold well.”应改为“The book written by him sells well.”
  - “值得被做”的正确表达有“be worth doing”“be worthy of being done”“be worthy to be done”，“This history book is worthy reading.”应改为“This history book is worthy to be read.”
• 

**非谓语动词**

• 分词作定语时要注意逻辑关系。
  - “We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting.”应把“discussing”改为“discussed”，表示“被讨论的问题”。
  - “The girl dressed herself in red is my sister.”应去掉“herself”，“dress”的逻辑宾语是“girl”。
  - 分词作状语时，逻辑主语是句子主语。
  - “Being seriously ill, his class-mates sent him to hospital.”应改为“He being seriously ill”。
  - “Having not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognize her.”应改为“Not having seen her for many years”。
  - “Seeing from the space, the earth looks like a ball.”应改为“Seen from the space”，地球是被看。
  - 注意不定式的用法。
  - “English is easy to learn it.”应去掉“it”，“English”是“learn”的逻辑宾语。
  - “I will get somebody repair the recorder for you.”应在“repair”前加“to”，“get sb to do sth”。
  - “She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the others.”应改为“in order not to”。
  - 比较时结构要一致，“It’s better to laugh than crying.”可改为“It’s better to laugh than to cry”或“It’s better laughing than crying”。
  - “It’s no use to send for the doctor.”应改为“sending”，“It’s no use doing”。
  - “She practices to play the piano after school every day.”应把“to play”改为“playing”，“practise doing sth”。
  - “When the teacher came in, he stopped listening to the teacher.”应改为“stopped to listen”，“stop doing”表示停止正在做的事，“stop to do”表示停下来去做另一件事。
• 

**名词性从句**

- 介词宾语从句用“whether”引导。
- “We are talking about if this plan should be carried out.”应把“if”改为“whether”。
- “I can not decide if to stay or not.”应把“if”改为“whether”。
- 表语从句引导词“that”一般不省略。
- “My suggestion is we try for a second time.”应在“we”前加上“that”。
- 名词性从句用陈述句语序。
- “What will the professor say is not known yet.”应改为“What the professor will say is not known yet.”

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