高二Unit 1期末必背英语：知识点和语法总结

1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将…提前；把钟表拨快

e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。

The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。

Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。

【词语联想】

*  put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄

*  put down: 放下；写下，记下

*  put off: 推迟；延期

*  put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重  put on a new play: 上演新戏剧

*  put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）e.g. put up a poster       put up a tent: 搭起帐篷

2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定（conclusion: n. 结论）

e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。

【习惯用语】★ draw a conclusion 作出结论

3. defeat  vt.打败, 击败, 战胜； 使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败; 阻挠, 使无效

e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败。

◆ 区别: defeat, conquer, overcome

* defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy  打败敌人。

* conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,e.g. conquer nature 

* overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, e.g. overcome difficulties

4. attend: v.

1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, lecture...) 出席；参加

e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。

2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。

e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？

3）to go with 伴随

e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。

5. expose...to...

e.g. Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long.

They had to be exposed to the enemy's gunfire.

6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人

e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake.

★  be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任

Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？

7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于 besides, what's more

e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition.

In addition to English, he has to study a second language.

◆ 区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside

* in addition to：除…之外，还有…，表示递进关系。

e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。

* except: 除…之外，表示在整体中排除，

e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬.

* besides 表示“除了……以外，还有……”，与in addition to 同义，

e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。

We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。

* beside : 在…旁边。表示方位。

e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。

同义句转换

1）He speaks French as well as English.

e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.

2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad job.

e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, it’s not a bad job.

8. announce: 公布；宣告

e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。

9. absorb v.

1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。

2）专心于

★ be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的

The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。

10. challenge  n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗

vt. 向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议

e.g. meet the serious challenge  面对严峻挑战