雅思写作时英语名词动用的使用方法是什么？

英语中的名词分为可数名词和不可数名词；可数名词包含个体名词和集体名词，不可数名词包含物质名词和抽象名词。下面一起来看看名词动用的具体方法。

名词动用
The Internet is beginning to rival newspapers as the best place to find information about what is happening in the world.
此句选自于文化类的一篇考官范文，注意打单横线的rival 这一词， 相信大部分同学见到这一单词之后第一反应是他的名词含义，竞争者的意思。 但通过基本语法做分析后大家会发现， rival在这里为动词用法， 翻译过来为与…竞争。 Rival的动词用法在这里就是我们所说的less common vocabulary。 同rival相似的， 以下例句中划横线的词都运用了名词动用的表达，大家可自行体会。
a. People began to harbor doubts over the function of university. (harbor – v. 持有，怀有)
b. Education should shape students minds and broaden their horizons. (shape-v. 塑造)
c. Each government needs to tailor a solution to solve the problem of environmental degradation. (tailor- v. 定制)

动名词

动名词可以让语句看起来结构非常紧凑，不罗嗦。动名词既具有动词的一些特征(允许有自己的宾语)，又具有名词的一些特征(可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等)。

动名词的时态与语态

1)构成：与"V-ing"分词的构成相同

2)时态：

①动名词的完成式表示其动作先于谓语动词的动作。

They regret not having taken your advice.

He was praised for having made such a contribution to the company.

②动名词的一般式也可表示一个先于谓语动词的动作。

I remember seeing a film.

He admitted to stealing the book.

3)动名词的被动语态：

①动名词的被动语态表示它的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作的承受者。

He dislikes being interrupted during his study.

Several of the customers complain of having been treated very rudely.

②动名词的被动态有自己的逻辑主语。

He was so surprised at being discovered that he didn’t even try to run away.

The workers were proud of their products being praised highly by the buyers.

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